Higher Education in The Netherlands
The Netherlands has an extensive and well supported higher education system with 14 government funded universities, that between them enrol over 215,000 students, and 45 government funded universities of professional knowledge that have enrolments over 360,000.
There are two main types of higher education: Universities and universities of applied sciences, previously also called universities of professional education.
Universities focus on the independent practice of research-oriented work in an academic or professional setting. Universities of professional education are more practically-oriented, preparing students directly for specific careers.
A third, smaller branch of higher education is provided by Institutes for International Education, which offer programmes designed especially for international students.
Universities
There are 14 government-funded universities in Holland, three of which specialize in engineering, one in agriculture and one is an open university. These institutions essentially train students in academic study and research, although many study programmes also have a professional component and most graduates actually find work outside the research community. The universities vary in size, with enrolments ranging from 6,000 to 30,000. In addition to the publicly funded universities there are also five private universities that full approval under Dutch law. The oldest university is the publicly funded University of Amsterdam that dates from 1632.
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Universities of Applied Sciences
The study programmes offered by Universities of Applied Sciences ('hogescholen') focus on the practical application of knowledge. Courses include the acquisition of practical work experience through internships. This is an integral part of the professional study programmes. The country has 45 government-funded Universities of Applied Sciences. The largest enroll 20,000 to 39,000 students. Altogether some 365,000 students are enrolled on professional programmes. These Universities do not offer Doctorates, only Bachelors and Master’s degrees.
Institutes for International Education
These institutes have a 50 year history in the Netherlands. They offer advanced courses taught in English providing what they call an “international education.” There are 15 of these institutes, five of which are large in size. Only the large institutes offer PhD degrees. All offer MAs and MScs completed over 1 to 2 years. The smaller institutes focus on development based issues and work in small intercultural groups. They are taught by teachers with experience in developing countries.
Degrees
The higher degree structure in the Netherlands is similar to that in Australia. Masters’ degrees take 1 to 2 years to complete. PhDs take a minimum of 4 years, which is 1 year longer than is the minimum in Australia. PhDs
The Dutch are strict with regard to quality assurance in their degrees and all degree programmes offered must meet strict criteria regulated by the government. A flip side of this is that universities are not ranked against one another, rather students are encouraged to choose the university best suits their field or needs.
Teaching Style
The Dutch place great emphasis on student self-learning and a focus on problem solving. At the same time students are encouraged to develop both their own opinions and creativity in applying their knowledge. It might be said to be offshoot of the Dutch democratic ethos. Students are also expected to show self-discipline in pursuing their study, though course work also usually involves a large amount of working in groups as well as writing papers or conducting lab experiments.
Admission
There is no centralised admission system in the Netherlands for postgraduate study, you need to approach the particular institution you wish to attend. You can expect to be required to show that you have achieved equivalent qualifications to those required by Dutch students but the similarity of the Australian and Dutch systems means that a degree from an Australian university will have similar value in Holland.
Study in English
English is basically the second language of Holland and there are an extremely wide variety of courses and opportunities to study in the language. The Dutch claim they provide the most courses in English on the European mainland. There are currently over 1300 courses on the Nuffic database for study in English and it is also possible in many cases to gain approval from your university to submit your Doctoral thesis in English. However, you should check this before you enroll!
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